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Development of Physiotherapy Students' Attitude towards Back Pain
Bláhová, Zuzana ; Kavka, Tomáš (advisor) ; Obešlo, Marek (referee)
Background: There is evidence that the beliefs and attitudes of physiotherapists are associated with their choice of patient management. The fundamentals of these beliefs are thought to have been realized during their university studies. Until now, however, no official study has researched how university education influences the beliefs of physiotherapists and how this is associated with their development in the Czech Republic Objectives: To describe the development of the physiotherapy students' beliefs and attitudes towards low back pain and their understanding of pain knowledge in the Czech Republic. Furthermore, to investigate whether or not there is any correlation between these topics. Participants: First-year physiotherapy students, Third-year physiotherapy students, Fifth (the second magister year) year physiotherapy students, and non-healthcare students within the age range of 22 to 26 (control group) Methods: 1) completion of translated and cross-cultural adapted The Back-Pain Attitudes Questionnaire (Back-PAQ), 2) completion of translated and cross-cultural adapted The Neurophysiology of Pain Questionnaire (NPQ) Results: 251 respondents were included. The mean Back-PAQ score was within the controlled group 107 (SD 8.47) and there was a significant decrease in score in the fifth- year...
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Language and Institiution
Kučerová, Barbora ; Pokorný, Martin (advisor) ; Švec, Ondřej (referee)
(in English): The aim of this thesis is to clarify the normative character of language, that is, how we are bound by a certain set of rules in every speech. We will look into this normative character of language by articulating two essential questions: in what is this normativity grounded and which aspects constitute language as an institution. In the first part of the paper we interpret the work of three authors, Ferdinand de Saussure, Charles S. Peirce and Pierre Bourdieu, in order to answer the question on what the normative character of language is founded. In this part we mainly look into the relationship between language and social consensus, habit/acting and institutions. In the second part of the paper we give a definition of language institution which is inspired by the work of Peirce and Bourdieu. Further on we clarify in systematic way those aspects of language which can be considered as normative. Firstly, we point out those which are clearly part of language, such as lexicon, pronunciation and intonation, official language and institution symbolized by language. The last aspects that we will analyse are speech genres, belief, habit/acting and power.
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Radical interpretation, truth, objectivity
Vašíček, Jan ; Koťátko, Petr (advisor) ; Marvan, Tomáš (referee)
Nobody can be wrong in majority of his beliefs about the world. What reasons has Donald Davidson for this claim? This paper is concerned with the connection between three important topics in Davidson's thought - radical interpretation, truth and objectivity. The experiment of radical interpretation is supposed to show the basic conditions of communication. On the basis thus provided, it will be possible to show, after a short summary of flaws in other theories, why we can talk about objective and non-epistemic truth. The relation between truth and knowledge can be specified by the same token. By means of inquiring into the way of how contents of our beliefs emerge, thoughts about the objective world will be shown to fundamentally depend on the social basis of intercommunicating people. This will also contain Davidson's argument against global scepticism. Using firstly the not entirely satisfying "omniscient interpreter" example and then the concept of triangulation, it will be specified what sense has objectivity for Davidson and to which extent is it justified to label him as realist.
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Attitudes of the Czech Political Parties with Respect to Public Job
Šlechtová, Markéta ; Kotrusová, Miriam (advisor) ; Novotný, Vilém (referee)
1 Due to the high public expenses connected with the classic welfare and other reasons, the European countries including the Czech Republic adopted certain measures falling within the workfare concept. One of them is the public service, which is construed as a help activity in favour of a municipality consisting in publicly beneficial services. The public service rule was enacted into Czech law in 2008 and has undergone several changes since that time. These changes resulted in the current legislation which became effective on 1 February 2017. According to the Advocacy Coalition Framework, it is possible within a policy subsystem to identify certain beliefs of the policy actors and their advocacy coalitions. This bachelor thesis aims to identify the beliefs of the political parties within the policy subsystem of public service in the Czech Republic with the focus on the policy core beliefs and to determine their advocacy coalitions in this subsystem.
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Influence of the media on shaping the value systems of high school students
Adámková, Michaela ; Strouhal, Martin (advisor) ; Koťa, Jaroslav (referee)
The dissertation examines the influence the media have on shaping the values and value systems that teenagers hold. The first part of the dissertation includes related theoretical concepts, it defines values, and how the values are established and cathegorized. The dissertation also covers developmental specifics of adolescence, described from the perspective of the developmental psychology. The theoretical part also contains a chapter covering media including the description of the media issues, media typology, the impact of media and the influence which media have on value systems of not only teenagers but also adults. The second part of the dissertation is the description and evaluation of the research carried out on high school students. The objective of the research was to find out what types of media predominate in the lives of selected respondents. The aim of the research was also to find out how the teenagers are influenced by the content of the used media and how the media influence their value systems. .
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Justificatory Status of Perceptual Beliefs
Sedláková, Jana ; Kolman, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Glombíček, Petr (referee)
The main subject of this essay is the problem of the relationship between sensation and perceptual beliefs in terms of their justification. Wilfrid Sellars and his Empiricism & The Philosophie of Mind are central for this essay. Sellars criticizes the theory of fundamentalism and sense data theory by pointing to the Myth of the Given. The perceptual beliefs could not be basic and self-justifying. Such a hierarchical structure is implausible, because we need a lot of other concepts for understanding and forming the perceptual beliefs. The justification has to be placed in the space of reason, when we are able to be responsible for our beliefs, to give reason, to understand the objections and react to them. This debate is not examined only in terms of an isolated, static subject. On the contrary, this subject is embedded to a dynamic social structure. Sellars' position contains three main elements: normativity, intersubjektivity and holism. All these elements will be more closely examined and placed in a broader context. Finally, I will present a critical view on Sellars' position on the basis of three questions: 1, to what extent is plausible the prior character of "It is" talk to "It looks" talk 2, to what extent can we talk about the non - inferential beliefs 3, to what extent is Sellars'...
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Language and Institiution
Kučerová, Barbora ; Pokorný, Martin (advisor) ; Švec, Ondřej (referee)
(in English): The aim of this thesis is to clarify the normative character of language, that is, how we are bound by a certain set of rules in every speech. We will look into this normative character of language by articulating two essential questions: in what is this normativity grounded and which aspects constitute language as an institution. In the first part of the paper we interpret the work of three authors, Ferdinand de Saussure, Charles S. Peirce and Pierre Bourdieu, in order to answer the question on what the normative character of language is founded. In this part we mainly look into the relationship between language and social consensus, habit/acting and institutions. In the second part of the paper we give a definition of language institution which is inspired by the work of Peirce and Bourdieu. Further on we clarify in systematic way those aspects of language which can be considered as normative. Firstly, we point out those which are clearly part of language, such as lexicon, pronunciation and intonation, official language and institution symbolized by language. The last aspects that we will analyse are speech genres, belief, habit/acting and power.
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Radical interpretation, truth, objectivity
Vašíček, Jan ; Koťátko, Petr (advisor) ; Marvan, Tomáš (referee)
Nobody can be wrong in majority of his beliefs about the world. What reasons has Donald Davidson for this claim? This paper is concerned with the connection between three important topics in Davidson's thought - radical interpretation, truth and objectivity. The experiment of radical interpretation is supposed to show the basic conditions of communication. On the basis thus provided, it will be possible to show, after a short summary of flaws in other theories, why we can talk about objective and non-epistemic truth. The relation between truth and knowledge can be specified by the same token. By means of inquiring into the way of how contents of our beliefs emerge, thoughts about the objective world will be shown to fundamentally depend on the social basis of intercommunicating people. This will also contain Davidson's argument against global scepticism. Using firstly the not entirely satisfying "omniscient interpreter" example and then the concept of triangulation, it will be specified what sense has objectivity for Davidson and to which extent is it justified to label him as realist.
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